FDR's On-Runway Evaluation Criteria¶

1) Runway Type: FDR knows the material the runway uses. Runways defined by FDR are of 7 types: asphalt, concrete, gravel (stony), ice, dirt, sand and grass runways.

2) Runway Areas: FDR knows the Displaced Threshold (DT) areas defined on the runways. The image of the Displaced Threshold Area is shown below:

The Area between points A-B, called DT:
- The plane cannot land from direction A to direction B!
- An aircraft waiting at point D can enter the runway, accelerate and take off using DT between areas A-B.
- An aircraft descending from direction C to direction A can use the DT between A-B, slowdown in that Area, or take off again by touching and go.
- You can take off from direction C to direction A.
- End 12 of this runway (runway 12-30) starts from point B, and aircraft landing on runway 12 must land by passing point B.
- The rule of placing wheels in the first 1/3 of the tracks starts from where DT ends, that is, point B for this example.
In the picture below, zone A is the 23 runway area, and zone B is the DT (Displaced Threshhold) area. Although Area C is not an accessible area for landing and take-off, FDR will consider DT.

3) Aircraft Engine Types: FDR evaluates landings on the runways mentioned above in two different ways according to JET engine and PROP engine types. Although Turbo Prop engine types and PROP engines can be considered a third criterion, FDR considers aircraft in only two groups.

4) Criteria:
- Regardless of the type of runway (ASPHALT - CONCRETE - GRAVEL - DIRT - SAND - ICE - GRASS), when leaving the runway without rinsing at the end of the runway (all engine types),
- If the wheel cannot be cut off at the end of the runway at take-off, regardless of the type of runway (all engine types),
- Regardless of the type of runway, if it is not possible to move steadily on the runway during landing or take-off and it goes off the edges (all engine types),
- FDR will penalise ASPHALT and CONCRETE tracks if landing inside the Displaced Threshold (DT) in front (all engine types).
- If descending into the runway on ASPHALT and CONCRETE runways, a LATE TOUCHDOWN penalty will be imposed if the first 1/3 or the first 1000 m of runways longer than 3000 m cannot be descended (all engine types).
- If landing inside the DT at the other end on ASPHALT and CONCRETE runways, a LATE TOUCHDOWN penalty will be imposed (all engine types).
- JET planes will receive a PROHIBITED RUNWAY TYPE penalty if they land and take off on GRAVEL
- DIRT - SAND - GRASS runways. Although some JET aircraft models are certified to take off and land on these runways, JET-engined aircraft are restricted from landing on such runways per company rules.
- JET planes can land/take off on ASPHALT, CONCRETE, ICE and N/A runways without penalty.
- PROP planes can land/take off from any runway. They are not penalised.
- There is no DT on other tracks except ASPHALT and CONCRETE tracks.
- Lighting a STROBE within the DT area (while on the ground) is mandatory.